Samos: The Island of Pythagoras and the Nectar of the Gods
Samos is an island of towering mountains, lush forests, and a history that changed the world. As the birthplace of the philosopher Pythagoras and the astronomer Aristarchus, Samos was a center of enlightenment in antiquity. In 2026, it remains an island of immense natural beauty and sophisticated culture, famous for its world-renowned Muscat wine and its UNESCO World Heritage sites. From the turquoise waters of Tsamadou to the engineering marvel of the Eupalinos Tunnel, Samos offers a depth of experience that few other islands can match.
Things to know about Samos
Geographically, Samos is located in the eastern Aegean, separated from the Turkish coast by the narrow Mykale Strait (only 1.6km wide). It is one of the greenest islands in Greece, dominated by the peaks of Mount Kerkis and Mount Ambelos. Historically, it reached its peak in the 6th century BC under the tyrant Polycrates. An ideal trip length is 6-7 days. It is famous for its sweet Muscat wine, the Heraion (Temple of Hera), and being the birthplace of the mathematician Pythagoras.
Top attractions in Samos
The Heraion of Samos
A UNESCO World Heritage site, the Heraion was once the largest temple in ancient Greece, dedicated to the goddess Hera. Today, a single colossal column remains standing, a testament to the temple’s former scale. Walking through the ruins, you can see the Sacred Way and the remains of various altars and smaller temples.
The Tunnel of Eupalinos
Considered one of the greatest engineering feats of the ancient world, this 1,036-meter tunnel was dug through Mount Kastro to serve as an aqueduct. What makes it incredible is that it was dug from both sides simultaneously, meeting in the middle with almost perfect accuracy. Visitors can now walk through a significant portion of the tunnel.
Pythagorio Town and Harbor
Built on the site of the ancient capital, Pythagorio is a beautiful port town with a cosmopolitan atmosphere. Lined with cafes and yachts, the harbor is the social heart of the island. Don’t miss the statue of Pythagoras and the nearby Roman Baths and archaeological museum.
Tsamadou Beach
Often called the most beautiful beach on Samos, Tsamadou is a stunning pebble bay with crystalline turquoise water. It is surrounded by lush greenery and steep cliffs. Note that one end of the beach is traditionally a naturist area, while the rest is organized with beach bars.
Vathy (Samos Town)
The capital of the island is built amphitheatrically around a large bay. It features grand neoclassical buildings and a vibrant waterfront. The Archaeological Museum of Samos is a must-visit, housing the ‘Colossal Kouros,’ the largest free-standing statue ever found in Greece.
Kokkari Fishing Village
Kokkari is a postcard-perfect village on the north coast. With its narrow streets, colorful houses, and small peninsula, it is a favorite for photographers. It is also a premier spot for windsurfing due to the north winds that hit the bay.
The Potami Waterfalls
Located near Karlovasi, these waterfalls are a hidden paradise. To reach them, you must walk through a lush forest and then swim/trek through a shallow river. The reward is a series of beautiful cascades and a serene, green landscape that feels like a fairy tale.
Manolates Mountain Village
Nestled in the ‘Valley of the Nightingales’ on Mount Ambelos, Manolates is a traditional village of stone houses and narrow alleys. It is famous for its local artisans, weaving shops, and incredible views of the Aegean and the Turkish coast.
The Wine Museum of Samos
Located in an old stone building in Samos Town, this museum tells the story of the island’s legendary viticulture. You can learn about the traditional production methods of Samos Muscat and enjoy a tasting of the various award-winning wines.
The Monastery of Panagia Spiliani
Built at the entrance of a large cave high above Pythagorio, this monastery houses a small chapel dedicated to the Virgin Mary. The cave contains a holy spring, and the site offers a panoramic view of the southern coast and the sea.
Island-hopping from Samos
Samos has two major ports: Vathy and Karlovasi, plus the smaller Pythagorio. It is a major hub connecting the Dodecanese to the Northern Aegean. Daily ferries connect Samos to Ikaria (1.5-2 hours), Patmos (1-2 hours), and Chios. International ferries run daily from Vathy and Pythagorio to Kusadasi, Turkey (1.5 hours), for those visiting Ephesus. Samos International Airport (SMI) offers frequent flights to Athens and Thessaloniki.
